What is the primary function of DNS in network communications?

The primary function of DNS, or Domain Name System, in network communications is to look up URLs and find their corresponding IP addresses. This process is essential because human-readable domain names, such as www.example.com, provide an easy way for users to access websites, while computers communicate using numerical IP addresses.

When a user enters a URL into their browser, a request is sent to the DNS server. The DNS server then translates that URL into the respective IP address, which allows the user's device to connect to the appropriate server hosting the desired website. This translation is crucial for the functionality of the internet, enabling smooth navigation and communication between devices across different networks.

In contrast, other options address different network functionalities that are not the primary purpose of DNS. For example, translating IP addresses into URLs is not a function of DNS; rather, it's the opposite process that DNS performs. Authenticating and encrypting video streams and monitoring network performance are tasks related to different layers of network function, such as security measures and management tools, and do not involve the fundamental DNS operations.