What is the main purpose of using HTTPS over HTTP?

Using HTTPS over HTTP primarily serves the purpose of preventing unauthorized access through encryption. When HTTPS is employed, it establishes a secure connection between the user's browser and the web server by utilizing protocols like SSL/TLS. This encryption safeguards the data transmitted over the network, ensuring that sensitive information—such as login credentials, personal data, and payment information—remains confidential and cannot be easily intercepted by malicious actors.

Additionally, HTTPS also provides integrity and authentication, confirming that the data exchanged has not been altered during transmission and that the server the user is communicating with is indeed the intended one.

In contrast, while improved connection speed, increased server capacity, and better network management may be advantages in specific situations or with particular technologies, these factors do not directly address the primary goal of HTTPS, which is to enhance security through encryption against unauthorized access.