What happens to pixel density when the target distance decreases?

When the target distance decreases, pixel density increases. This occurs because pixel density refers to the number of pixels per unit area in the field of view.

As a subject or scene moves closer to the camera, the same number of pixels covers a smaller area of that subject, effectively increasing the level of detail and clarity of the image. This is particularly important in surveillance and security applications, where being able to discern fine details, such as facial features or license plates, can be critical for identification and analysis.

In contrast, when the distance increases, the pixels spread over a larger area, leading to a decrease in pixel density and, consequently, a reduction in clarity. Thus, as the target distance decreases, the increased concentration of pixels enhances the resolution and overall quality of the captured image.